Spanish Prisoners and Captives in the 18th Century England: An Approach to Their Location and Conditions

Authors

  • Evaristo C. Martínez-Radío Garrido Universidade do Porto

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v9i18.619

Keywords:

POW's, captives, 18th Century, England, Spaniards

Abstract

In spite of the almost continuous conflicts between the Crowns of Spain and Britain throughout the 18th century, the study of the conditions and location of Spanish prisoners in England in that period remains an unexplored field in Spain. Both factors depended on the type of captive, with two major differentiations between combatants and non-combatants, which included civilians, as they might have been passengers in a ship captured by a privateer. Other influential factors such as military rank (if applicable), social class or occupation played a role too. As a result, captives would receive different treatments and be lodged in one place or another, varying basically from depots to pontoons, or as prisoners on parole. Spanish prisoners received a treatment similar to that of the French, comparing to other nations. The depots were mainly on the Southern coast of England, especially within the area comprising the Isle of Wight, Portchester, Tavistock, Southampton, Plymouth and Portsmouth, and became increasingly adapted to their purpose in marked contrast to similar lodgings in other European powers, including Spain. As the century advanced, so did the number of captives, so these depots gained ever greater prominence, evolving especially in accordance with political contexts like the French Revolution or in Napoleonic times. As for the treatment and maintenance of prisoners, it was reasonable according to the standards of the time, although it would depend on the war context and the places where prisoners were held. Therefore, general provisions may have been altered by a number of contingencies, needs or specific crises, which even came to the point where they simply overwhelmed authorities. In this sense, the bilateral provisions taken by the two powers were intended to ensure the correct observance of a dignified humanitarian treatment of their respective subjects in accordance to the standards of the time.

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Author Biography

Evaristo C. Martínez-Radío Garrido, Universidade do Porto

Evaristo C. Martínez-Radío Garrido, es investigador externo del Centro de Investigação Transdisciplinar «Cultura, Espaço e Memória» (CITCEM) de la Universidad de Oporto, especializado en Historia social relacionada a la guerra, centrándose sobre todo en el siglo XVIII e incluyendo la etapa napoleónica. Ha ejercido en universidades de España, Hungría y Reino Unido, lugar éste donde disfrutó de un contrato Marie Curie para desarrollar un proyecto internacional sobre prisioneros de guerra. Ha sido miembro investigador del grupo internacional “Lendűlet” Santa Corona, de la Academia de Ciencias de Hungría, participó en la realización del Diccionario Biográfico de Parlamentarios Españoles patrocinado por el Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales y fue Premio “Padre Patac” 2007 abordando la Guerra de Sucesión española. Ha organizado y ha sido invitado a participar en diferentes seminarios, jornadas y congresos en universidades como Oxford, Warwick, Complutense de Madrid, Clermont-Auvergne, Oviedo, UNED, Eötvös Loránd o Péter Pázmány, entre otras.

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Published

2020-06-08

How to Cite

Martínez-Radío Garrido, E. C. (2020). Spanish Prisoners and Captives in the 18th Century England: An Approach to Their Location and Conditions. Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 9(18), 43–65. https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v9i18.619

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 18 (2020): La figura del prisionero de guerra en la Edad Moderna: fuentes, percepciones, vivencias y sociabilidad

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Dossier

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