The Chaco Post-War in Bolivia. Ex-combatants, «military socialism» and nationalization of the masses in period of transition.

Authors

  • Ferran Gallego Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v4i7.97

Keywords:

Bolivia, Chaco post-war, military socialism, excombatants, nationalization of the masses, fascism

Abstract

The aim of this article is to set out the interest of Chaco post-war in Bolivia in order to get a comparative and transnational history of fascism. It suggests that the common disinterest for the Latin American political processes by the European historans only leads to a lack of a wider perspective of what is taking place in this crucial stage, losing sight of common ele- ments as the nationalization processes, the unifying and selective function of nationalist discourses, the counterrevolutionary mobilization practices, and the mysticism of a national revolution as an alternative to the socialist revolution.

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Author Biography

Ferran Gallego, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Ferran Gallego Margalef es Profesor Titular de Historia Contemporánea en la UAB desde 1990. Dedicó sus primeros años de investigación a la formación del na- cionalismo popular en América Latina, tema al que dedicó su tesis doctoral y dos li- bros, Los orígenes del reformismo militar en América Latina y Ejército, nacionalismo y reformismo en América Latina (PPU, 1991 y 1992). Desde mediados de los años 90 trabaja sobre el fascismo europeo y sobre los movimientos nacional-populistas posterio- res a la segunda guerra mundial. Ha publicado los siguientes libros: De Munich a Auschwitz. Una historia del nazismo. Barcelona, Plaza y  Janés,  2001; Por  qué  Le Pen. Barcelona, El Viejo Topo, 2002; Pensar después de Auschwitz (como editor), Bar- celona, El Viejo Topo, 2003; Neofascistas. Democracia y extrema derecha en Francia e Italia. Premio Así Fue 2003, Plaza y Janés, 2004; Ramiro Ledesma y el fascismo espa- ñol. Madrid, Síntesis, 2005; De Auschwiz a Berlín. Alemania  y  la  extrema  dere- cha. Barcelona, Plaza y Janés, 2005; Fascismo en España (como editor, con Francisco Morente). Barcelona, El Viejo Topo, 2005; Una patria imaginaria. La extrema derecha española, 1975-2003.Madrid, Síntesis, 2006; Todos los hombres del Führer. La elite del nacionalsocialismo.Madrid, Debate, 2006 (Premio Internacional de Ensayo Caballero Bonald 2007); Barcelona, mayo de 1937.  La  crisis  del  antifascismo  en  Catalu- ña. Madrid, Debate, 2007; El mito de la transición. La crisis del franquismo y los orí- genes de la democracia (1973-1977). Barcelona, Crítica, 2008; El evangelio fascista. La formación  de  la  cultura   política   del   franquismo   (1930-1950).   Barcelona, Crítica, 2014.

References

Anuario de la República, 1937. La Paz, 1938.

René D. ARZE: Guerra y conflictos sociales. El caso rural boliviano durante la campaña del Chaco. La Paz, Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Económica y Social, 1987.

Francisco BARRERO: RADEPA y la Revolución Nacional, La Paz, Empresa Editora Urquizo, 1976.

Miguel BONIFAZ: Bolivia, frustración y destino, Sucre, [Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier] 1965.

Augusto CÉSPEDES: El dictador suicida. 40 años de historia de Bolivia, Santiago de Chile, Editorial Universitaria, 1956.

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[José CUADROS QUIROGA], Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario. Sus bases y principios de acción inmediata, La Paz, [s.n.], 1942.

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Eustaquio GALÁN: La filosofía política de Sto. Tomás de Aquino, Madrid, Editorial Revista de Derecho Privado, 1945.

Ferran GALLEGO; Bolivia: génesis de una revolución. Las experiencias de reformismo militar tras la guerra del Chaco (1936-1939), Tesis doctoral inédita, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 1990.

Ferran GALLEGO: Los orígenes del reformismo militar en América Latina. La gestión de David Toro en Bolivia (1936-1937), Barcelona, Promociones y Publicaciones Universitarias, 1991.

Laura GOTKOWITZ: A Revolution for our Right. Indigenous Struggles for Land and Justice in Bolivia, 1880-1952, Duke, Duke University Press, 2008.

René GUTIÉRREZ GUERRA: La Estándar Oil Co. Y el gobierno de Bolivia, La Paz, Imp. Renacimiento, 1938.

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Tristán MAROF: La tragedia del Altiplano, Buenos Aires, Editorial Claridad, 1934.

Carlos MONTENEGRO: Frente al derecho del Estado el oro de la Standard Oil, La Paz, Editorial Trabajo, 1938.

Carlos MONTENEGRO: Nacionalismo y coloniaje, La Paz, Los Amigos del Libro, 1979 (5ª edición).

Herbert S. KLEIN: “David Toro and the Establishment of ‘Military Socialism’ in Bolivia”, The Hispanic American Historical Review, Vol. 44, 1 (Feb. 1965), pp. 25-52.

Herbet S. KLEIN: Parties and Political Change in Bolivia, 1880-1952, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1971.

Herbert S. KLEIN: Bolivia. The evolution of a multy-ethinc society, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1992.

Silvia RIVERA: Oprimidos, pero no vencidos. Luchas del campesinado aymara y qhechwa, 199-1980, La Paz, Instituto de Investigaciones de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo Social, 1986.

Sección de Prensa del Palacio del Gobierno: Bajo el régimen militar socialista ¿hay labor gubernativa? La Paz, Imp. Intendencia general de guerra, 1936.

David TORO: Informe presentado por el Señor Coronel Presidente de la Junta Militar Socialista de Gobierno al Ejército Nacional, La Paz, Imp. de la Intendencia general de guerra, 1937.

Antonio TRUYOL: El Derecho y el Estado en San Agustín, Madrid, Editorial Revista de Derecho Privado, 1944.

U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States. Diplomatic Papers, 1936. Washington, 1953.

FUENTES ARCHIVÍSTICAS

Public Record Office

FUENTES HEMEROGRÁFICAS

“Declaración de Acción Socialista Beta Gama”, El Diario (La Paz), 11 de agosto de 1935

El Diario, 24 de noviembre de 1935

El Diario, 7 de febrero de 1936

El Diario, 24 de mayo de 1936

El Diario, 26 de mayo de 1936

La Calle, 16 de marzo de 1936

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Published

2015-11-26

How to Cite

Gallego, F. (2015). The Chaco Post-War in Bolivia. Ex-combatants, «military socialism» and nationalization of the masses in period of transition. Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 4(7), 23–40. https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v4i7.97

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 7 (2015)

Section

Estudios

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