The film La Malcasada as an example of repercussion of Africanistas soldiers' stereotyped image in mass media

Authors

  • Cristóbal Marín Molina Universidad de Granada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v6i11.248

Keywords:

Africanists, Image, Mass Media, Modernity, Stereotypes

Abstract

Demarcated inside the Communication theory, this article is based on studies of American journalist and political analyst Walter Lippman, where it is explained how the mass media create, through stereotypes, the reality of different matters which escapes from the direct experience of citizens (mental imagery which settle a classification on individuals, groups and different realities). Apart from this, the theoretical foundation relies on agenda-setting theory too, which study how mass media implant newsworthy matters (news and problems that have to be discussed in the public space) and the frames of the interpretation of social realities, as well as the influence that they have in public opinion and the establishment of their long term effects.

The movie La Malcasada, where different soldiers (general Francisco Franco, colonel Millán Astray, general José Sanjurjo) of the Spanish Colonial Army in Morocco (which is called Africanista army), is a vehicle to give an appearance of modernity, from a traditional society to a mass society based on urban way of life and consumption, and where propaganda plays a fundamental role. The film is a fixed view of the leader social class, where ancient social elements (aristocracy, politicians, bullfighters…) are mixed with new social agents (artists, doctors, engineers…). The army wanted to participate in that trendiness too, and the cinema, together with other mass media, constituted an excellent opportunity to propagate its stereotypes to a refractory public who was against its military interventions in the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco.

The film is a point of departure and an example to analyze how the Spanish army, particularly those Africanistas soldiers, used all mass media to their range to create a positive image of their political and military actions in the Protectorate in Morocco. All this was made a reality through different ways: movies (documentaries and fictional films), novels, photos, songs, toys, etc. carrying out a great effort to combine images and words. To get that target, they turned to control of news through censorship, biased information, governmental grants and support of opinion leadership agents, and, in this way, the army stereotypes inside Spanish society were reinforced.

For this study, different sources has been used, such as specialized bibliography about military Africanismo phenomena, mass media (specifically cinema and press), as well as the information provided from files of digital newspapers libraries. In addition, material coming from the movie La Malcasada and other films has been watched for their analysis.

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Author Biography

  • Cristóbal Marín Molina, Universidad de Granada

    Cristóbal Marín Molina (Córdoba, 1969) Es licenciado en Geografía e Historia (Historia Contemporánea) por la Universidad de Granada y ha cursado varios programas de Doctorado en la misma. Consiguió el Diploma de Estudios Avanzados del Tercer Ciclo con una investigación sobre la cinematografía realizada durante el franquismo y centrada en la temática de las estructuras económicas y sociales del mundo agrario. Actualmente se encuentra ultimando una tesis doctoral sobre aquellas películas (documentales y films de ficción) que se rodaron durante las campañas de Marruecos (1909-1927). Sus líneas de investigación principal se basan en el cine como fuente histórica y las películas con temática bélico-colonial. Funcionario de carrera de Enseñanza Secundaria, ha sido miembro y coordinador de varios grupos de trabajo centrados en la utilización del cine como instrumento para la enseñanza y el conocimiento de las Ciencias Sociales. Es profesor titular de Geografía e Historia en un instituto de EE.SS. de Granada.

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Published

2017-06-15

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 11 (2017): Guerra y competencia entre Estados en el Mediterráneo Medieval (siglos XIV-XV)

Section

Estudios

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How to Cite

The film La Malcasada as an example of repercussion of Africanistas soldiers’ stereotyped image in mass media. (2017). Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 6(11), 217-238. https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v6i11.248

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