The Concepción province in dispute: Reconquest and Liberation during the 1820 campaign of the Chilean “war to the death”

Authors

  • Juan Eduardo Mendoza Pinto Universidad de Concepción
  • Juan Pablo Burgos Araneda Investigador independiente

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53351/0regw283

Keywords:

War, Independences, Guerrilla, 20th century, Chile

Abstract

This article delves into an unknown period of the Chilean War of Independence: the 1820 campaign fought south of the Biobío River that confronted royalists and republicans (1813-1826). At the same time, the republicans or patriots busy getting ready to undertake their main effort in the Liberating Expedition of Peru. At this culminating stage of the war, known as "war to the death", the last formal offensive of the royalists against the remaining republican forces in southern Chile was launched, especially against Concepción, Los Ángeles and the surrounding areas. After this, they would never again have enough forces or resources to successfully take such an initiative. Thus, this scenario acted as a turning point, since the nascent Chilean state had to preserve its integrity by containing the royalist forces and their indigenous allies on the southern border while undertaking an unprecedented military expedition towards the Viceroyalty of Peru, the main center of Spanish imperial power in South America.  

First, the conditions that structured the crucial scenario of 1820 will be analyzed to then deepen the understanding of the campaign, distinguishing between the offensive and counter-offensive phases and taking into consideration the course of the operations and combats carried out respectively. 

It will conclude by evaluating the strategic role of the Concepción province as well as the transcendence of the 1820 campaign, thus facilitating a clearer assessment of the merits and efforts made by both sides during the unstable military scenario following the Battle of Maipú.

The counterpart of the Liberating Expedition in Peru will then be highlighted, as well as the relevance of the struggles waged in the background of an unprecedented and decisive project for the configuration of an independent American continent.

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Author Biographies

  • Juan Eduardo Mendoza Pinto, Universidad de Concepción
    Juan Eduardo Mendoza Pinto

    : Es Licenciatura en Educación con mención en Historia y Geografía, egresando de la Universidad de Concepción, el año 1995. Sus estudios de posgrado los ha realizado en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, (Magister en Historia mención Historia de las Relaciones Internacionales), en la Academia Nacional de Estudios Políticos y Estratégicos (Magister en Seguridad y Defensa, mención Gestión Política Estratégica) y en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile, donde se graduó como Doctor en Estudios Americanos con mención en Estudios Internacionales (2013). Desde el año 2006 se desempeña como Profesor de Historia de América Contemporánea, Geopolítica y Relaciones Internacionales en la Universidad de Concepción. Es miembro de la Academia de Historia Militar de Chile, del Instituto de Investigación Histórica José Miguel Carrera y Director del Círculo Histórico Ignacio Carrera Pinto, sede Concepción.

  • Juan Pablo Burgos Araneda, Investigador independiente

    Juan Pablo Burgos Araneda: Licenciado en Educación, Profesor de Historia y Geografía, Universidad de Concepción. Recientemente titulado, durante su pregrado se interesó por la Historia Militar y se abocó a investigar sobre la Guerra de Independencia de Chile. Ha redactado artículos y expuesto en instancias académicas sobre esta temática.

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Published

2024-07-23

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 26 (2024): Servicio Militar: memoria, movilización y nación

Section

Estudios

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Copyright (c) 2024 Juan Eduardo Mendoza Pinto, Juan Pablo Burgos Araneda

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How to Cite

The Concepción province in dispute: Reconquest and Liberation during the 1820 campaign of the Chilean “war to the death”. (2024). Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 13(26), 164-192. https://doi.org/10.53351/0regw283

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